雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换，句型替换，语法替换。以下济南雅思培训学校找到的剑桥真题中的考点词,替换词,一次多义总结：
1.rigid/ stiff/ unchanged/ little change 僵硬的，一成不变的
2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/ 巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial
3.贫穷：poor/ in poverty/ impoverished（ 被剥夺财产的）
4.杰出：eminence (-t)/ prominence (-t)/unusual
5.gene/ genetic defect ~缺陷/ anatomy解剖/ conceive构思，怀孕/ deliver分娩
6.辅助性：alternative 补充性/ therapist
7.演绎，推理：deduce->deductive / inferential >< induce 引导，引入，归纳-> induction 归纳
8.notorious 臭名昭著的/ flagrant臭的><fragrant 香的
9.attitude to/ how
10.the present century/ modern society
11.broad/ great
12.constrain拘泥，限制/ restrict 限制/ limit
13. circumstance 环境（社会 ）/ surroundings/ environment 环境（ 环保 ）背景 background 后台 / settings后台，布景/ context 上下文（ 文章中 ）
14.evolve-evolution 进化/ revolute-revolution 革命，旋转/ involve-involution 卷入，涉及
15. indicator/ predictor 表示诠释，预测
16.强调：emphasize/ stress/ highlight/ focus on/ concentrate on
明显的：apparently 显而易见的/patently 道貌岸然的/ obviously=>evidently
17.对…怀疑：(be) /skeptical/skeptical /dubious/ suspicious (about/of)
18.缺点，缺陷：drawback/ fault/ defect/ imperfection/ failing/ weakness/ shortcoming/ flaw
19.臭命昭著的：notorious->notoriety/ flagrant/ smelly/ odorous
20.capacity能力，容量/ competence （竞争）能力/ ability 能力（笼统的）
21.确保，保障：Secure-security/ ensure (insure)/ guarantee 押金
22.solely/ merely/ only
23.a vast array of 系列/ a great variety of 花样，品种/ a great rang 系列 of
24.pesticide 杀虫/ suicide 自杀/ homicide/ murder杀人
25.believe/ assume (responsibility)/ suppose
26.机构，组织：association/ structure /organization
27.移民：immigrant (进来)/ emigrant(出去)/migrant
25.兴旺，繁荣；prosperous/ thriving/ booming（人口，行业）/flourishing
26.神圣的：divine/ heavenly/ holy/ sacred
27.有毒的：poisonous/ toxic ( in-, non- 无毒的)
28.致命的：deadly/ fatal/ lethal/ mortal
29.类似于：look like/ resemble
30. chronic长期的,慢性的— long-term 长期的
31.网恋：virtual love/ cyber love
32.网友：on-line /net/ cyber friend
上网（聊天）chat on line/ go on-line cyber café/网吧
33.令人困惑的：bewildering/ puzzling/ perplexing
34.apply：紧靠，涂，将…应用于，适用，专心致力于，献身于
35.subsidize辅助/ subsidy 补助，补贴/ subsidiary
36.a factor in sth/ depend on sth
37.be preferred by/ choice
38.超过：exceed/ surpass
39.岩浆：molten rock/ lava/ magma
40.语言：linguist ~学家/ lingual和~有关的/ bilingual/ 双语
41.多种多样的：diversity/ variety/ breed/ species
breed：[n]品种，[v]繁殖，培养，引起，造成
42.dialect 方言 accent 腔调35.indicate/ demonstrate/ display/exhibit/betray
43. therapist /expert/ specialist
44.given/ considering , in regard to / despite/ although 有鉴于
考虑到，尽管
45.induce [v] 引入，引导，引诱/ inductive [n] 归纳 >< deduce /deductive推断
46.fortune/ destiny/ chances
47.deplete 开采完，耗尽/ exhaust –exhaust emission (尾气)排放/ exploit
48.complex 错综复杂的/ complicated/ sophisticated 老奸巨滑的，复杂的
49.授权，委托：authorize/ commission 佣金/ entitle 头衔 + ment =right （权利）
50.purchase/ buy
51. 优点，长处，美德：advantage/ merit/ virtue/ length
52. commonest/ frequent
53. 未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/ underdeveloped
54. 退化：degenerate/ -tion [n] ->generate 生产，制造/ degrade ->grade 等级/ deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下
55. 分类：category-categorize/ class-classify
56. consequence后果->影响/ subsequence紧跟其后/ sequence=order秩序/ frequency频率
57.approximately 将近-nearly, almost
58.proportion/ percentage 比例
59.be involved (in)/ involve in/ involvement [n.] 涉及，卷入，参与
60. ethnic 种族的/ ethic 伦理，道德的 + s =[n ]
61. modify/ change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]
62. insight/knowledge/ learning/ understanding/ knowing43.clash 冲突（民族，种族）/crash 飞机坠毁
63. substitution=> substitute sth for sb /replace
64.alternative=> 选择性，代替性，辅助性
65.孤立：isolate/ alienate/insulate隔绝， 排外，孤立->be alien to/insulate (-ior) 绝缘，隔热（体）
66．缺点，不足之处：defect/ flaw/ failing/ disadvantage /drawback
67.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive (-tion)/ innovative (-tion)/ creative (-tion)/ ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty) =>[n]/creative/revolutionary
l 易错拼写：environment/ convenient
68．neutral 中立的，中性的 /negative 否定，消极，阴性的 /positive 肯定，积极，阳性的
69．ambiguous->ambiguity 模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscure
70.communicate 沟通，传达，通报
71.accommodate 1供...食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使…停靠
72.commitment 1 ~ to sth 奉献 2 责任,义务
73．contribute to 导致 ~ result in /account for (占据)导致
74.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/ insufficient/ deficient/lack (of)/ short (of)
75.开始的，初步的：begin/ launch/ initial (-ly) [v] 首字母，开始的/ initiate开始，发动->initiative原创性= origin
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