关于环境的话题虽然在雅思写作中不常出现，但隔三差五地会出来显示自己的存在，环境类的表达目标性很强，烤鸭需要积累此话题的相关素材和表达。
Serious environmental degradation
严重的环境恶化问题
例句：In some industrial zones, the production processes may result in serious environmental degradation.
在一些工业区，生产过程可能会导致严重的环境恶化问题。
⏩ degradation /ˌdeɡ.rəˈdeɪ.ʃən/ n. 恶化 (=destruction)
Irresponsible disposal of industrial waste
不负责任地处理工业垃圾
例句：Global warming stems from the irresponsible disposal of industrial waste.
全球变暖来源于不负责任地处理工业垃圾。
⏩ waste disposal 废物处理
Waste treatment systems
废物处理系统
例句：If factory installed waste treatment systems instead of discharging chemical wastes into rivers, water pollution could be controlled.
如果工厂安装了废物处理系统，而不是把化学废品排放到河水里，水污染问题就会被控制。
Litter the street
乱扔垃圾
例句：Residents will consider newcomers dirty and ill-mannered if they litter the street or spit gum in public places.
如果新来的人在公共场合乱扔垃圾或者吐口香糖的话，他们会被居民们认为很邋遢，举止粗鲁。
⏩ litter bin大街上的垃圾桶
Chemical fertilisers/weedkillers
化学肥料/除草剂
例句：Organic farmers do not pollute the water or the soil which result from the application of chemical fertilisers and weedkillers.
有机农夫主们之所以不会污染水或者土壤是因为利用了化学肥料以及除草剂。
Eco-friendly
不损害生态环境的，环保的
例句：Countries such as Japan are leading the way, for example, in developing more eco-friendly cars, buses and lorries.
在发展更多环保的汽车，公共汽车以及卡车方面，很多国家比如说日本，一直是处于领先地位的。
⏩ eco-friendly detergent 环保洗衣粉
To be spoiled by
被...破坏
例句：Several famous beaches in Vietnam have been spoiled by this lack of respect for the local environment.
由于缺乏对当地环境的尊重，越南的一些的海滩都被破坏了。
⏩ spoil 同义词汇：destroy, demage
Illegal logging and deforestation
非法砍伐和森林砍伐
例句：It should not be forgotten that illegal logging in the Amazon Basin is still a major factor in climate change.
在亚马逊盆地区域，非法砍伐和森林砍伐不能被遗忘，它仍然是造成气候变化的一个重要的因素。
⏩ deforestation n. /diːˌfɔːr.əˈsteɪ.ʃən/ 大面积砍伐森林;人为毁林
long-term consequences
长期后果
例句：The effects of our use of fossil fuels today may last for generations, and it is almost certain to have long-term consequences for humanity.
当今使用矿物燃料的影响可能会延续好几代人，当然它也会对人类带来长期的后果。
Renewable energy
再生能源
例句：Wind farms and other sources of renewable energy will help to reduce CO2 emission to an acceptable level.
风电场以及其他的再生能源会帮助减少二氧化碳的排放，使其到一个可接受的水平。
⏩ renewable 同义词汇：sustainable, inexhaustible, continuous
Sort the daily garbage
日常垃圾分类
例句：One thing that individual can do to protect the environment is sorting the daily garbage.
有一件保护环境的事大家可以去做的就是对日常的垃圾进行分类。
Searing heat
灼热
例句：Parts of Europe which used to be cooler now experience searing heat, and temperatures soar above the average every summer
欧洲曾经相对比较寒冷的地区，现在每年夏天的时候都变得灼热，温度急剧增长到平均值以上。
⏩ searing adj. /ˈsɪr.ɪŋ/(感觉、温度等)极度的，强烈的 (=extreme)
Hybrid car
混合动力车
例句： To protect the environment, people can buy a hybrid car, develop alternative energy sources for homes, solar heating for instance.
为了保护环境，人们可以买一辆混合动力车，开发家用替代性能源，比如说太阳能供暖。
⏩ hybrid这个词做名词专门表示用汽油以及其他形式的能源(通常为电力)一同发动的机动车
Combat climate change
应对气候变化
例句：It is absolutely vital that every civil plays their role in combating climate change.
很重要的是，每个公民在应对气候变化上都有他们的责任。
Environmental catastrophe
环境灾难
例句：We may have less than a decade to avoid an environmental catastrophe on a global scale.
在全球的范围内，我们可能有不到十年的时间去避免一个环境性灾难的发生。
⏩ catastrophe n. /kəˈtæs.trə.fi/ 大灾难
The deterioration in the air quality 空气质量的恶化
To curb environmental deterioration遏制环境恶化
To destroy/degrade the environment破坏环境
To lower the demand for energy in every household降低每一个家庭的能源需求
Exhaust fumes from vehicles 汽车尾气污染
To raise the public’s ecological consciousness提升公众的生态意识
To promote environmentally-friendly technology促进环保技术
To reduce the dependence on the traditional energy resources/on fossil fuels减少对化石燃料传统能源资源的依赖
To suffer from adverse effects of environmental problems 遭受环境带来的不利影响
To burn fossil fuels to generate energy燃烧矿物燃料产生能源
The growing demand for fossil fuels in the world全球范围内对矿物燃料日益增长的需求
To alleviate environmental problems缓解环境问题
To contaminate the environment污染环境
The protection of wildlife保护野生动物
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